Proprietary cards

I was recently reading about automotive fare collection systems and I crossed loyalty card systems. In that systems, if I understood correctly, each passenger has a card in which a value, not money, is stored. Whenever the passenger uses his card a reader decrease the stored value in the card and the system administrator rewards the passenger according to his policy. I was wondering if each of those devices that participate in the AFC,readers/cards etc, must be conformed to speicific security standards and I do not mean the crypto algorithms. To be more specific, I would like to know If, for example, I develop a MIfare NFC reader in order to sell it does it need to have a security certification or something like that? Does anything have to do that in the transactions values are used and not money? Any info will help.