What could be the possible exploit for android adware vulnerability?

I have read about the adware vulnerability here. An adware is a software that automatically displays or downloads advertising material like banners or pop-ups when a user is online.

I have seen many ads in many apps I use in my android phone and never thought it could compromise my privacy. I wish to know what could be the possible exploits for this adware vulnerability apart from the classic social engineering attacks. If there are exploits other than social engineering I wish to know whether It can be prevented from the developer side or not. The fact is, a developer can't do anything to avoid social engineering attacks right?